BOM phụ tùng dự phòng và chiến lược tồn kho thay thế — giảm downtime như thế nào?

**Spare Parts Classification:**

| Hạng mục | ABC Class | Reorder point | Min stock |

|---|---|---|---|

| Filter cartridges (PP, CTO, carbon) | A (fast moving) | Khi dùng lõi cuối | 2 bộ/hệ thống |

| RO membrane | B (medium) | Khi spare inventory = 0 | 1 unit/2 systems |

| UV lamp | B | 6 tháng trước hết tuổi thọ | 1 lamp/system |

| O-rings và fittings kit | C (slow, critical) | Annual check | 1 kit/system |

| Solenoid valve | C (slow, critical) | Khi replace | 1 unit/5 systems |

| Pressure gauge | C | Annual | 1 unit/5 systems |

| Booster pump (residential) | C (insurance) | On failure | 1 unit/10 systems |

| Pressure tank bladder | C | On failure | 1 tank/5 systems |

**INCAS Spare Parts Strategy:**

**Hub-and-Spoke model:**

• INCAS Central warehouse: full inventory
• Regional service point: fast-moving + critical parts (A + B class)
• Technician van: 1-week spare kit (A class filters + O-rings)

**SLA commitment ví dụ:**

• Critical parts (pump/valve failure): 4-hour delivery (within city), 24-hour (province)
• Standard parts (filter cartridge): 24-hour delivery
• Emergency stock: pre-positioned at large B2B accounts

**Planned obsolescence management:**

Track model numbers deployed → khi supplier discontinue component → pre-buy stock hoặc verify compatibility với alternative → update BOM.